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What do we know so far?

- Gut Bacteria are involved

- Inflammation is involved

- The brain works on glucose

- The brain can also work on Ketones

- Cinnamon seems to help in mice trials (and also has anti-inflammatory properties).

- Could diabetes be analogous to Parkinson's? Diabetics generally have lost the ability to process carbs (usually by eating too many); could Parkinsons be caused by people being very dopamine focused and wearing their brains out?

I wonder if diet can change the type of bacteria in the gut, the inflammation in the body, have a neuroprotective effect on the brain?

Sounds like I'd try a ketogenic diet which has known neuroprotective effects, changes the bateria in your gut and reduces inflammation.



> Diabetics generally have lost the ability to process carbs (usually by eating too many)

That's an outrageous misrepresentation of diabetes (all types).

Diabetics process carbs exactly like everyone else. The body breaks them down and throws the sugars into the bloodstream in the perfectly normal way.

The lack of insulin (generally Type 1) or the resistance to insulin present (generally Type 2), means the cells struggle to process the glucose, leading to uncontrolled rise in glucose levels to dangerous levels.

The body has a poor 'over-limit' response to glucose and tries rather inefficiently to dump the excess in urine which has limited success. As a consequence lots of short-term and long-term damage to the body results - some of which is still being discovered.

Causes of diabetes have multiple possible elements, including none, one or more of : genetics, environmental [e.g. infection] and lifestyle.

"eating too many [carbs]" is a myth and intended to be derisive and offensively stereotype diabetics as being wholly responsible for their condition - just dressed up as a more socially acceptable victim-blame than saying they're receiving God's punishment for having sugar in their coffee.

Science has conclusively proven diabetes is not some simple response to over-indulgence in carbohydrate.

Stop making offensive and untrue claims.


I'm sorry for upsetting you but from my research eating high sugar/carb diets (without exercise) causes insulin resistance in the majority of people. There are some groups that are more susceptible to this of course.

I'm not blaming anyone or even thinking about that; I've just done a lot of research and listened to a lot of interesting studies about the gut biome, western diet, insulin resistance, weight training, HIIT, noticing how I feel if I eat lots of sugar and carbs, and trying to eat a more health diet.

Maybe I'll be proved to be wrong, I'm just giving an opinion based on some research I've done.

Also by process I've definitely used the wrong word there. I definitely mean utilise.


>Maybe I'll be proved to be wrong

That day has come

http://goaskalice.columbia.edu/answered-questions/it-true-ea...


That doesn't disprove anything I've said; it says diabetes is probably caused by eating too much which spikes blood glucose which causes diabetes. What you are saying with your pithy comment is really great but what I've said is eating sugar and processed carbs spikes blood sugar, over time it leads to resistance to the insulin your body produces. If you eat too much your body (even some fats or protein) produce an insulin spike. If you spike your insulin 20 times per day with soda you will almost certainly at some point become diabetic. You simply won't be able to eat enough fat or protein let alone veggies to do this so we are back to my original point...


> If you spike you insulin 20 times per day with diet soda

"the evidence that connects artificial sweeteners to “insulin spiking” is limited"

http://www.goaskalice.columbia.edu/answered-questions/diet-s...


Sorry I mistyped somehow (corrected) diet soda is a whole different discussion...


So insulin resistance isn't in some way related to chronic elevated levels of insulin?

It's also interesting that insulin resistance is reversible by simply eating less carbs. But clearly, diabetes has nothing to do with carbs :-)


I'm off to have a Jam sandwich on some nice white bread.

Edit: I applaud the downvoter of this comment.


Make sure it's a brioche bun.


I am curious. Did you really find his claim "offensive"? Or was it simply incorrect and over simplified?


Every time I hear it, it is offensive. Let me explain why.

It's often quoted in the context of a relatively young person who has died and people discussing the young and sudden death as 'well, they were diabetic, so they died because they just kept eating donuts and didn't stop when they were told'. That brings no comfort to the family and it is often completely untrue. Most diabetics do try very hard to deal with their condition responsibly but simply stopping eating carbohydrate is not really a 'cure' or answer to the condition. Some may chose to deal with it, in part, by doing this because they feel that helps them specifically. But that is not the case for everyone.

Anyone who said a cancer patient died because they brought it upon themselves would rightfully expect to be ostracized (or worse) but, for some bizarre reason, people are happy to unquestioningly accept the point for diabetes, but not cancer (another disease with complex reasons behind it).

Addressing some other comments, insulin resistance can be a natural condition due to genetic factors and occur in the absence of excessive carbohydrate consumption. It can also develop in type 1 diabetes as a reaction to the artificial insulin introduced to control the condition (GM 'human' insulins can help but sometimes switching to Bovine/Pork insulins helps - again, it's complex and not well understood). Low carbohydrate consumption may mask the condition, but the person is still insulin resistant/diabetic regardless of whether they eat carbohydrate or not. Diabetes is not cure-able (yet - there are pioneering attempts).

I know diabetics devastated with guilt that they've somehow caused their diabetes and are responsible because someone told them it is because - based on no evidence at all - they eat too much sugar.

Perpetrating this myth and forcing guilt upon diabetics is potentially psychologically damaging, especially to a group know to have a higher propensity to depression because of the condition.

My final point on the matter, some diabetics have a form which is virtually impossible to manage manually and the only avenue for treatment is to use the new insulin pump technology which can combine continuous glucose monitoring with ultra-fine insulin control (complex time slot/insulin sensitivity/carbohydrate dosage calculations) in order to control the condition. This is showing excellent results but does come with considerable costs - although these are a small fraction of the cost of amputations, blindness or organ failure which can otherwise result.


I see where you're coming from, but I don't think any low carb advocates are making a moral judgement against diabetics. It's not just diabetics who have suffered from the wrongheaded diet advice that's been given for the past 40 years.

Yes, a low carb diet is not a cure to diabetes, any more than a low peanut diet is a cure for peanut allergies. But I think the idea that people can eat whatever they want and use more and more insulin has lead to a lot of unnecessary human suffering.


    Could diabetes be analogous to Parkinson's? Diabetics 
    generally have lost the ability to process carbs (usually 
    by eating too many);
No.

I'm assuming you are talking about type 2, which has nothing to do with the ability to process carbs but instead resistance to insulin. This is caused by so many different factors like genes, medications, stress, smoking, high intake of certain types of fats, lack of exercise, white rice, pollution, etc.

You can't be talking about type 1 because you'd be absurdly wrong if you were.

Source: parent of type 1 diabetic


Are you seriously arguing that eating excessively processed carbs and sugar doesn't lead to insulin resistance?

What about if I was to start injecting large amounts of insulin regularly?


Hes pointing out that what you said was factually incorrect. Diabetics don't lose the ability to process carbs at all.

Carbs are broken down along with proteins and fats. What Type 2 diabetes entails is glucose building up in the bloodstream with no real way to utilize it due to insulin resistance.


Er... you are just assuming by process I mean digest.

To be clear:

> glucose building up in the bloodstream with no real way to utilize it

===

Inability to process carbs and sugar. Maybe your description is more accurate.


Using the term "inability to process carbs and sugar" is misleading and totally not the same thing as insulin resistance.

Its generally assumed that processing carbs is the act of digestion. You're using the word processed in the wrong situation here.

EDIT: Also you can still process carbs, you just can't utilize glucose in the blood as a diabetic.


Okay, so if I replace "process" with "utilise" we are good?


Yeah I'm with you on this. If someone assumes by one word you mean another word, and by using the other word, you're wrong, well, I think their logic is flawed.


I guess, sorry if I am coming across as touchy. I'm a diabetic and there is a ton of misinformation out there about it!


It's nice to see amicable resolutions online.


I feel like your post is a is a rhetorical bait-and-switch: Only the first two points seem to be related to the article, the rest are from elsewhere and chosen ahead of time to guide the user towards a particular conclusion.


I think it's up to the reader to draw which ever conclusions they wish. I don't think this person is writing with any other purpose other than to share an opinion.

But... If you have points to the contrary of what the person has said, please raise them instead of guessing at their motive.


Maybe you are right, I was just thinking out loud about these things.

Here is a very small scale study done in regard to this...

https://www.charliefoundation.org/ketogenic-therapy/therapie...


Exactly my line of thinking.

Sounds like a study should be done on the diets of those with Parkinson's compared to the "average" diet. There's a chance for too much or too little of something that could make a difference.

I would also like to see a comprehensive study of the immune systems of those with and without, perhaps these people have little protection against these gut bacteria.

The most interesting cases would be those with the right conditions for Parkinson's yet do not have it. I think those cases would be very revealing.

It's also interesting that these bacteria are transferable across species. What if these bacteria are found in common meats from aanimal? When preparing an animal to remove it's meat, I imagine there's an off chance the gut is split in removal - which they probably just hose down the animal as not to waste the meat. Or perhaps the bacteria has the ability to spread in the host?

This research has definitely opened up new avenues to look for root cause and possible prevention.


I can't imagine that diet and immune system studies haven't been done on Parkinson's sufferers?


Perhaps they have, but this new research may give more incentive to look much harder. If there is a link, I would imagine that it would not be trivial - otherwise as you say it would probably have been found.


I've found it very difficult to find papers or research on this...


I never know what people mean by "carbs". Are they typically referring to refined foods like white bread, white rice, etc? Or are they actually talking about the macronutrient?

When it comes to the macronutrient, high-carb populations eating whole foods are among the healthiests in the world (look at the blue zones, adventists studies, okinawans, etc).


Sorry that we got sidelined with carbs and diabetes on this, it's pretty off topic. My fault for being inaccurate probably. Please watch this, especially if you have been downvoting me:

http://www.ted.com/talks/peter_attia_what_if_we_re_wrong_abo...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhzV-J1h0do

Also:

http://eatingacademy.com/nutrition/the-great-medical-disconn...

Enjoy!


> Diabetics generally have lost the ability to process carbs (usually by eating too many);

This is very wrong, but the stuff in the parenthesis is even more so.

Please do not mix type 1 and type 2 diabetes. While it could be argued that type 2 is improved by diet, the amount of carbs eaten by type 1 diabetics is completely and utterly irrelevant, there's no correlation between that and them developing the disease.

Source: diabetic brother from an early age.

> could Parkinsons be caused by people being very dopamine focused and wearing their brains out?

Unlikely. I have not seen any indications that dopamine is involved in any Parkinson mechanism at all.


look at CYP2D6 gene polymorphism and it's effect on enzymes and it's existence in many more parts of the body than at first expected, (brain, etc), here's someone smarter than me replying to my stabs in the dark on reddit;

"Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (speed up) reactions and consequently are involved in nearly every physiological process. You make a great point with the microbiota-brain interaction (also known as the gut-brain axis). We're starting to look at things like depression as a function of the gut-brain axis and consequently need to start looking to diet and antibiotics as a function of depression. "

https://www.reddit.com/r/Nootropics/comments/4c0nuz/im_inter...


>Diabetics generally have lost the ability to process carbs (usually by eating too many)

Impressively wrong


I heard on NPR that common cold viruses are also some how related to the gut.




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