You could also stop this degree inflation by requiring a $15 minimum wage on all jobs but a $25 minimum wage when the job lists a bachelor's degree requirement (applied based on whether the job requires a degree, not whether the employee has a degree).
If jobs with a similar title, description, and other requirements require a degree, and the people you hire all happen to have degrees, it's pretty obvious that you're using it as a criteria. While like other discrimination cases it may be difficult to prove in any one instance and thus small businesses who don't individually hire a statistically significant number of people might get away with it, large employers can still be held accountable.